Shes Dating the Gangster - 149221 Words

She s Dating the Gangster - Credits to the Author [Chapter 1] You wanna know a secret? Ok ok.. He s not my first love and I m NOT his first love. Definitely not. So what is it that made me love and cling to him this much? Well, he s irritating, loud, and he s not sweet! He s weird, he smokes, he drinks, he goes clubbing on a weekday, and he fights and bullies a lot. Take note, A LOT. He is very moody and a bit blunt. Oh yeah, he even threatened to kill me. -- for short, HE IS A GANGSTER. NO he s not a criminal, a mobster, a hoodlum or a thug. I have my own definition of a gangster you know.. I kind of pushed all of his bad traits. OK FINE. I m sorry. He s nice (at times), he lets me feel that I m extra†¦show more content†¦Nakapag enroll na rin naman tayo eh, kaya ok na yun. Hassle kasi, bakit ba kasi nila nalaman yung tungkol satin. Nakakaasar kasi yung mga ingitera eh.! Pabayaan mo na, nakuha naman natin yung half nung tuition fee eh, so pwede na yun. After our cheap thrill, we went home. Oh yeah. I haven t introduced myself yet I m Athena Dizon, 17 years old, was born here in the Philippines, stayed here for 2 years then went to Korea. I grew up in Korea, I lived there for almost 10 years. I stayed in the States with Sara for 3 years then went back to Korea just to ask our parents permission to allow us live in the Philippines. I m a pure Filipino. I have a 20 y/o half-brother his name is Sang Min but his English name is Nathan. He s half-Filipino half-Korean. We can both speak Tagalog. My dad told me that my mom died because of a heart failure or something like that. Oh well. My step mom treated me well. She s like a real mom to me. She loves me more than Nathan oppa! ^____^ Sara Jung is my best friend. She s a 50% Filipino, 25% Korean and 25% Japanese, am I right? I suck in math. Sorry. Her mom and my dad were best friends since pre-school. Basically they re like us, me and Sara. So now, we transferred to another school because of 5 reasons: FIRST that school sucks SECOND we got bored THIRD too many sl*uts FOURTH they found out about our secret FIFTH I think I ve said it all, so I mShow MoreRelatedShort Story1651 Words   |  7 Pagesseems to care. You see? This is nonsense! With all due respect BabCele, you have failed to uphold the agreement between our families. Its not up to us. Youre giving in to her. Shes out of control! Can we talk in private, Son? Trying to threaten Siphesihle wont work. Nothing we do will change her mind. Shes stubborn. Its up to you... to win her back and save your marriage. Its up to me? Youre her father, but you couldnt get through to her. - How will I do that? - Give her whatRead MoreCultural Appropriation : Chill.1476 Words   |  6 PagesMaisha Z. Johnson in her 2015 article titled â€Å" It’s Not Just Kylie: 7 Reasons Why White People Should Not Wear Black Hairstyles,† Johnson argues that â€Å"Until we correct that imbalance, then when Kylie Jenner wears cornrows, she’s acting on privilege and exploiting Black culture. She’s participating in a toxic norm that says Black people aren’t valuable, but our hair is cool – as long as white folks are wearing it. This issues is obviously still prevalent on the male side as well Writer Miranda Larbi assertsRead MoreThe Curse And The Doom Of The New World1269 Words   |  6 Pagesthat Diaz might write a personal fuku experience of himself or demonstrate his fuku story with a character. Chapter One 1. In the beginning of chapter one, Oscar is sweet popular little boy who was into girls, later on he was a womanizer who was dating two girls at the same time. One of the girls told Oscar to pick either her or the other girl. Oscar was very emotional to find out the girl he chose later broke with him and the girl he left was with a broken heart. As the years past, Oscar starterRead MoreSummary Of A Rush Of Tepid Air Blew 2278 Words   |  10 Pageschange the fact that she’s your mama; besides, you don t even know for sure that one of those skeletons recovered from that vehicle was your mother. You said yourself that the three skeletons recovered had what appeared to be gunshot wounds to the head- that sounds like a hit to me.† â€Å"Yeah; I know it does; and, I know that calling her Annaleigh won’t make it any easier†¦ And, you’re right about the skeletons too- it could have been hit. Back in the 30s there were plenty of gangster types around thisRead MoreThe Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao Essay3706 Words   |  15 PagesBelicia she gained the privilege to make decisions for her self. Until then she suffers the fukà º from her own actions. Moving through the generation fukà º strikes Belicia’s son Oscar after he made the decision to break one girl’s heart because he was dating two girls contemporaneously. In return he got his heart broken by the girl he chose to stay with and then everything went downhill for Oscar. Gaining weight, and casting every one away Oscar lost his popularity and became a pathetic nobody with suicidalRead MoreCybersex10501 Words   |  43 Pagesproblems with online or other sexual behavior. They may be using the internet as a way to explore s exuality in a way that normal life has not offered them. Examples of problematic users in the discovery group are people who compulsively visit adult dating sites in the hope of meeting a partner, while avoiding real life opportunities to meet people; or people who use the internet in an attempt to meet an underage partner for sex, despite no prior history of doing so. Group 4: Problematic Users -- PredisposedRead MoreAmerican Slang Essay 115481 Words   |  62 Pagescheating as a way to succeed academically is currying favor with a teacher or someone else in authority. A student who does this is said to bootlick, chin, coax, drag, fish, suck, or swipe.[13] The polite reserve noticed in the college slang dating from the 1850s and 1860s is barely broken at the turn of the century. The slang still contains few terms for drinking, women, or groups discriminated against in society at large. For example, only about a dozen terms refer to drinking alcohol and

Freedom Freedom Of Speech And Freedom Of Speech

George Guay CIV ESSAY TWO OUTLINE: One of the most complex things in establishing in a government is determining how much freedom the citizens in a society has. Throughout history we have seen many different type of governments that include North Koreas’ dictatorship to the United States that has a government based on principles of democracy. In societies that have democratic governments such as the United States, England, France, and many other western European countries, the citizens have a high degree of freedom of speech. In addition, these people are allowed to have a high degree of freedom of thought. Although these are both very important to have in life because they allow you to express who you truly are, there is a difference†¦show more content†¦The most talked about example of taking a stand are NFL players taking a knee or sitting down during the National Anthem. This all started with former San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick. It was rather shocking that NBA players, who play in a predominant African American league, are standing as one team during the national anthem. However, a few NBA players such as Kevin Durant and Stephen Curry are demonstrating freedom of speech by expressing their anger towards the Donald Trump and declining their invitation to the White House this year. Racial inequality in our country was much worse in the mid twentieth century, however freedom of speech allowed this country to make significant progress. Martin Luther King Jr’s of freedom of speech allowed African Americans to live a better life. That is one of the reasons why freedom of speech is important. If you stick by to what you truly believe in and never let go, good things will happen. People can change the world through freedom of speech. Not just only Doctor Martin Luther King Jr, but Ghandi and Jesus as well. While showing your freedom of speech can be a productive thing, there is also a consequence to. For example, ever since Colin Kaepernick decided to s tart his movement of taking a knee during the national anthem, he has not had a job as a quarterback in the NFL. A lot of people thought he would be with the Patriots after the Jimmy Garaopolo trade, however the Patriots chose BryanShow MoreRelatedFreedom Of Speech : The Freedoms Of Freedom Of Speech937 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom of speech now a day’s means being able to have the right to express one’s own opinions without restraint. The United States of America is an open country for any U.S. citizen to be free to say what one would like. By citizens having freedom of speech, it gives the people the right to use hate speech. Freedom of speech belongs to every person in the United States. Here lately citizens are witnessing the rising concerns with hate speech. Unfortunately, hate speech is protected by freedomRead MoreFreedom And Freedom Of Speech Essay2518 Words   |  11 Pages Many people come to the United States looking for freedom and liberty and where their essential rights are protected under the Constitution. However, freedom should not be taken for granted as for every rule there may be limits. The First Amendment of the United States’ Constitution states that â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably toRead MoreFreedom And Freedom Of Speech2989 Words   |  12 PagesFreedom of speech is one of the cornerstones of a democratic government and has been one of the most important rights since the concept of democracy was estab lished. The most common definition of freedom is the right to think, act, or speak as you wish without being restrained by anyone or thing. The statement above is a very general definition of freedom but that is not what is portrayed in the constitution today in respect to the rights and freedoms of individuals. In today’s world, the word â€Å"freedom†Read MoreFreedom Of Speech : The Power Of Freedom Of Speech1860 Words   |  8 Pages Freedom of speech would be easy if words did not have power. Guaranteeing people, the right to say and print whatever they wanted would be easy if we could believe that words had no real effect. But unfortunately, Americans tend to believe that words do have power and that they can anger and inspire, cause people to rise up and act out in harmful ways. Americans celebrate speakers like James Otis, Abraham Lincoln, and Martin Luther King, Jr., whose words inspired people to fight for independenceRead MoreThe Freedom Of Hate Speech Is Not Freedom Speech1143 Words   |  5 PagesHate Speech is not Freedom Speech Between August 11th and August 12th of 2017, the world watched the disturbance news of what was going on in Charlottesville, Virginia. The horrific videos and images left the world in shock. Groups of white supremacy, nationalists, hitler youths marched in unison screaming, â€Å"White lives matter! Blood and Soils! You will not replace us! Jews will not replace us!† More groups enraged their voices across Virginia to scream hate speech to other races. They threatenedRead MoreFreedom Of Speech : The Importance Of The Freedom Of Speech1039 Words   |  5 PagesFreedom of speech is a right protected by the First Amendment. According to the administrative office of the United States Courts (n.d.), the First Amendment states that, â€Å"Congress shall make no law... abridging freedom of speech.† Freedom of speech is arguably one of the most cherished American values in the First Amendment. As defined by an online unabridged Dictionary (n.d.), The rights covered by free dom of speech include the right to express opinions publicly without governmental interferenceRead MoreSpeech : Freedom Of Speech1364 Words   |  6 Pages Even though freedom of speech can be tricky, understanding what can be said under the first amendment is key. This will give you more confidence when you re talking about current events, it ll inhibit social interaction, but the biggest reason of all is understanding your rights will keep you out of jail. Even the supreme court struggles to determine what exactly constitutes protected speech. When trying to see if your covered by the first amendment, certain questions have to be displayed. AreRead MoreFreedom of Speech1252 Words   |  5 Pagescorrelate with the freedom of speech. At what point does one’s words, written or spoken, become inappropriate? Should Americans be held accountable for the things that they might say or write? Should there be consequences for publishing or broadcasting information that is not corr ect? How are Americans suppose to differentiate what should and should not be deemed common knowledge, or privileged information? These issues are an important aspect of being American. When examining freedom of speech, AmericansRead MoreReligious Freedom And Freedom Of Speech1186 Words   |  5 PagesReligious freedom and freedom of speech have been enshrined in American law since the late 18th century. Both are found in the First Amendment to the US Constitution and have been at the center of some of the most important Supreme Court cases in history. From Texas v. Johnson to Lemon v. Kurtzmann, religious freedom and freedom of speech have shaped discourse more so than any other fundamental rights in America. Yet now more so than ever, the issue of religious belief versus freedom of speech has permeatedRead MoreThe Freedom Of Speech833 Words   |  4 Pagesridiculed Boyer supports freedom of speech, Kaepernick’s opinion and unity. There are those who are saying that Boyer is disrespecting our nation during the national anthem and un-American but that’s simply not true. He chooses to stand during the national anthem which is tradition. Boyer states that although he might not agree with Kaepernick he supports his opinion. He’s supporting the right to free speech and peaceful protest, something this nation was founded on. Freedom of speech is an inalienable

Acute Myocardial Infarction free essay sample

Myocardial infarction is a serious medical emergency need directly intervention and consider one of the major cause of death and disability worldwide. (Lauer, Blackstone, Young, Topol, 1999 p 618-620? ). It is define as closed in a main coronary artery or one of it’s branches that feed the heart, lead to die or sever damage in heart muscle fibers that supplied by this artery. The death of muscle tissue occurs if the obstruction for more than 15-20 minutes and often permanent damage if the obstruction r for more than 4-6 hours. Heart often leads to death (Thygesen, Alpert, White, 2007 p 2173-2195 . (In thesis statement may talk about Myocardial Infarction signs and symptoms, atherosclerosis and risk factor , diagnoses ,treatment and prevention . The sign and symptoms in myocardial infarction deferent from person to person and it is from no symptoms to sudden cardiac arrest (McClure, McGivern, Stultz, Whitehurst, 2009). But the most common sever chest pain radiated to the left upper arm or heaviness on the chest, with shorting in breathing, epigastric pain or felling nauseated or vomiting, sweating, if the heart attack client will not complain of pain it will be silent attack mostly in diabetic or in geriatric people, in additional the pain will made anxiety and irritable (Hubbard, 2003, p. 28–29). When this symptoms seen or the person fell it, should not ignore and must be immediately asked for medical services. Atherosclerosis which is common cause of myocardial infarction, coronary arteries give continuous oxygenated blood to the heart muscle, this important to supply necessary energy to the heart muscle to continue its work. If coronary arteries become narrow blood cannot flow as well as it should be through. Accumulate fatty substances and calcium and proteins and cells of inflammation within the arteries to form a plaques of various sizes (Benditt, 1977, p 74-85). These plaques and be solid from the outside and soft and tender on the inside. When the plaques become very solid from the outside, start forming cracks on the outer casing and lead to the collect of platelets in the region, and then begin clots blood around plaque ruptured (Benditt, 1977,p 74-85). If the bloods clot blocking the artery completely, the heart muscle becomes starved for oxygen. And within a short period of time, lead to the death of heart muscle cells, causing damage or permanent damage to the heart muscle (EMS, S. K. C. 2006). Cardiovascular Emergencies. ) The risk factor for myocardial infraction is different from person to person, and not necessary to get heart attack. Heart attack can be happen with or without any risk factor, when the person has more risk factor there is more possibility to get heart attack. High blood presser, Cholesterol Problems, Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis consider medical risk factor. Smoking, alcohol, less physical activity and drug addiction consider life style risk factor (Ambrose, Barua, 2004, p. 1731). Age, Gender and Genetic also consider important risk factor. Ambrose, Barua, (2004) p. n. 1731. ) Any person with severe chest pain and diagnoses of myocardial infarction should be in emergency department there is several investigation should done very quickly to confirm, the investigation included electrocardiogram, blood testing, and echocardiography. The electrocardiogram is electrical machine to chick the heart electrical activity and recorded it on special type of paper. And depend on the size, place and shape of the diagram come out the type of the myocardial infraction will be decided (Dower, 1989. U. S. Patent No. 4,850,370. ) . see #1 Blood testing will help in diagnoses myocardial infarction, blood sample for certain enzymes which is enzymes found in the blood within 6-8 hours or days after a heart attack (Alpert, Thygesen, Jaffe, White, 2008, p 1335-1341. ) The aim of the use of medicines in the treatment of myocardial infarction is to destroy blood clots or prevent their formation, and prevent platelets from sticking of the artery wall, and the stability of the plaque, and prevent further ischemia of the heart muscle (Hubbard, 2003, p 28–29). The treatment should be giving as soon as possible within one to two hours of the start of heart attack to reduce the amount of damage in the heart. (Silber, Albertsson, Aviles, Camici, Colombo, Hamm, Wijns, 2005,. p 804-847). In acute phase the treatment aim to reduce the chest pain, MONA is one of the famous guideline in treatment which is mean M = Morphine for pain, O= Oxygen, N = sublingual nitroglycerin and A = Aspirin. (Ryan, Antman, Brooks, Califf, Hillis, Hiratzka, Smith, 1999, p. 1016-1030) It is very simple to prevent or reduce the chance to have myocardial infarction just to change the bad habit of taking food by reducing the amount of fat in the diet, take more physical exercise, give up smoking tobacco, that can help to reduce blood cholesterol levels which is the major cause of myocardial infarction which is lead to death (Manson, Tosteson, Ridker, Satterfield, Hebert, OConnor, Hennekens, 1992, p1406-1416). In additional of that to get medical tests regular to discover any medical disease which effected on the heart early that will decrease the risk factore to safer from myocardial infarction and take medications if necessary or proflacting like aspirine (Janzon, Bergqvist, Boberg, Eriksson, Lindgarde, Persson, 1990. p 301-308.? ) In general heart attack still one of the most cause of death in the all the word. Myocardial infarction results from cell death due to myocardial ischemia, most often because of clotted in the coronary artery due to ulcerated or unstable atherosclerotic plaque. Characteristics by sever squeeze chest pain, sweaty and vomiting. Include hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, male gender, and tobacco use. The atherosclerosis consider the main cause of the myocardial infarction, the diagnoses depend on the electrocardiogram change and the elevation of the cardiac enzyme, the fast treatment in emergency room is giving pain killer, oxygen and anticoagulant as aspirin. In all of that any type of chest pain should be taken as the top priority and not be neglected.

The Daedalus Myth Its Role In A PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST... Essays

The Daedalus Myth: Its Role in A PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST... James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is a novel of complex themes developed through frequent allusions to classical mythology. The myth of Daedalus and Icarus serves as a structuring element in the novel, uniting the central themes of individual rebellion and discovery, producing a work of literature that illuminates the motivations of an artist, and the development of his individual philosophy. James Joyce chose the name Stephen Dedalus to link his hero with the mythical Greek hero, Daedalus. In Greek myth, Daedalus was an architect, inventor, and artisan. By request of King Minos, Daedalus built a labyrinth on Crete to contain a monster called the Minotaur, half bull and half man. Later, for displeasing the king, Daedalus and his son Icarus were both confined in this labyrinth, which was so complex that even its creator could not find his way out. Instead, Daedalus fashioned wings of wax and feathers so that he and his son could escape. When Icarus flew too high -- too near the sun -- in spite of his father's warnings, his wings melted, and he fell into the sea and drowned. His more cautious father flew to safety (World Book 3). By using this myth in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Portrait of the Artist), Joyce succeeds in giving definitive treatment to an archetype that was well established long before the twentieth century (Beebe 163). The Daedalus myth gives a basic structure to Portrait of the Artist. From the beginning, Stephen, like most young people, is caught in a maze, just as his namesake Daedalus was. The schools are a maze of corridors; Dublin is a maze of streets. Stephen's mind itself is a convoluted maze filled with dead ends and circular reasoning (Hackett 203): Met her today point blank in Grafton Street. The crowd brought us together. We both stopped. She asked me why I never came, said she had heard all sorts of stories about me. This was only to gain time. Asked me, was I writing poems? About whom? I asked her. This confused her more and I felt sorry and mean. Turned off that valve at once and opened the spiritual-heroic refrigerating apparatus, invented and patented in all countries by Dante Alighieri. (Joyce 246) Life poses riddles at every turn. Stephen roams the labyrinth searching his mind for answers (Gorman 204). The only way out seems to be to soar above the narrow confines of the prison, as did Daedalus and his son. In Portrait of the Artist, the world presses on Stephen. His own thoughts are melancholy, his proud spirit cannot tolerate the painful burden of reality. In the end, he must rise above it (Farrell 206). At first, Stephen does not understand the significance of his unusual name. He comes to realize, by the fourth chapter, that like Daedalus he is caught in a maze: Every part of his day, divided by what he regarded now as the duties of his station in life, circled about its own centre of spiritual energy. His life seemed to have drawn near to eternity; every thought, word and deed, every instance of consciousness could be made to revibrate radiantly in heaven... (Joyce 142) Throughout the novel, Joyce freely exploits the symbolism of the name (Kenner 231). If he wants to be free, Daedalus must fly high above the obstacles in his path. Like the father Daedalus and the son Icarus, Stephen seeks a way out of his restraints. In Stephen's case, these are family, country and religion. In a sense, Portrait of the Artist is a search for identity; Stephen searches for the meaning of his strange name (Litz 70). Like Daedalus, he will fashion his own wings -- of poetry, not of wax -- as a creative artist. But at times Stephen feels like Icarus, the son who, if he does not heed his father's advice, may die for his stubborn pride (Litz 71). At the end of Portrait of the Artist, he seems to be calling on a substitute, spiritual parent for support, when he refers to Daedalus as old father, old artificer.(Joyce 247),(Ellman 16). Even at Stephen's moment of highest decision, he thinks of himself as a direct descendant of his namesake Daedalus (Litz 71). Stephen's past is important only because it serves as the fuel of the present. Everything that Stephen does in his present life feeds off the

Gender Issue and the Feminist Movement

Gender Issue and the Feminist Movement Gender issue has been a sensitive matter in the society since the period of feminism movements. Consequently, it has become a fundamental field of study for scholars interested in gender studies. Today many scholars discuss the issue of gender and its causes while the other scholars study the manifestations of gender at workplaces, homes and in society at large.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Gender Issue and the Feminist Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More That is why the story about a â€Å"genderless† baby Storm from Toronto has attracted the audience’s attention and was widely discussed by scholars and by the public. Is it possible to determine a sex, but not a gender? Changes and developments in society have given new perspectives to gender studies. Gender should not be considered as a biological phenomenon like sex because it is the achieved status. Nowadays social scientists focus the ir studies on both relationships among people and individuals in order to know the various parts of gender divisions and social systems that result in different gender orientation of individuals in society. People achieve the status of gender through cultural, sociological, and psychological means (Risman, 2004). Storm’s parents insist on his or her right to decide what gender principles to follow or not as well. Fox notes that social scientists have not paid much attention to the area of parenthood despite the fact that it is a significant field for understanding gender differences and inequality (Fox, 2001). Gender roles are plays the main role in families. Moreover, the nature of motherhood in the society puts high responsibility on women. Fox also emphasizes that motherhood is the most gender-imposing activity in the lives of women. Nevertheless, the peculiarities of the relations between heterosexual parents and the division of their roles in families can influence great ly the child’s perception of the gender roles in the future (Fox, 2001). That is why it is rather difficult to prevent Storm from becoming interested in gender roles because it is one of the most important social effects which Messner described in his work with paying attention to children’s games with gender orientation (Messner, 2000). West and Zimmerman discuss the gender issue from a perspective of usual patterns fixed in people’s everyday relations (West Zimmerman, 1987). The authors set to differentiate between sex and gender in order to understand both perspectives accurately. The scholars studied such factors as the division of labor, social subordination of women, and formation of gender identity. They noted that people begin to acquire gender status starting from the age of five years.Advertising Looking for term paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Their study led them to conclude that gender is routine, methodological and recurring accomplishment. Thus, we can emphasize that Storm cannot avoid determining his or her gender in our society. West and Zimmerman state that â€Å"gender is unavoidable because of the social consequences of sex-category membership† (West Zimmerman, 1987, p. 145). Therefore, if a child has a definite sex, he will be perceived in society as having a definite gender. In his turn, Joan Acker notes with references to labor and organizational hierarchy that, though feminist scholars know that hierarchical organizations are male dominated, they can be gender neutral (Acker, 1990). Ackers article Hierarchies, Jobs, Bodies: A Theory of Gendered Organization refutes these claims by feminist writers. In fact, Acker affirms that organizations are not neutral in terms of gender orientations, but instead images of mens bodies and masculinity dominate organizations processes (Acker, 1990). This only serves to marginalize w omen. In addition, men’s occupations of higher positions enhance the maintenance and promotion of gender separations at workplaces. That is why Storm is at risk to be not admitted in society in which all the roles of dominance and substitution depend on the gender hierarchy. The discussion of the question of gender has a long history. Paula England looks at some of the gender revolutions that have occurred since 1960’s (England, 2010). England highlights changes that have taken place and why gender achievements are not even. She notes that women chores have undergone some minimal changes. Consequently, women have had chances to enter into male jobs in the organizations. Nevertheless, men have no interest in entering female jobs or activities (Norman, 2011). It is the reflections of femininity and masculinity in society. As women continued to acquire status in society, some of them began to resist male dominance and imposed roles on them. It is the fact that a womanâ₠¬â„¢s body is her key weapon. That explains why feminists and social scientists like Rose Weitz can use, for instance, hair as a source of resistance and at the same time accommodation to gender issues (Weitz, 2001). Weitz notes that the body is particularly fundamental for power struggle between men and women. Men have always justified their dominance over women by claiming that women have inferior bodies and brains. In turn, this has created a unique set of activities that have created a submissive, feminine body. However, women are aware of society and cultural expectations regarding their bodies and minds. Women have realized that they can consciously seek power by accommodating or resisting cultural, and society expectations imposed on them. Occasionally, women may combine both approaches in order to get power (Weitz, 2001). Storm’s parents have declared that there are few people who know the sex of this child.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Gender Issue and the Feminist Movement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They have decided to complete this ‘social experiment’ because they do not what their child to suffer from any cultural and social expectations which can be imposed on him or her. Nevertheless, their child has the body which is of man or a woman. That is why all the expectations can be imposed because of the social tradition to divide people into men and women not due to their sex, but gender. In relations to the body issues, Willis, Miller and Wyn note that a theory gendered embodiment can explain the differences between men and women (Willis, Miller, Wyn, 2001). The authors argue that social construction of masculine and feminine as social practices creates a male who is more able to survive than his female counterpart. The authors established this through studying men’s and women’s attitude towards death, career, body image and meaning i n life. The authors concluded that differences in attitudes between men and women were due to social organization of society particularly in the gender division. Ridgeway and Correll maintain that hegemonic cultural beliefs about gender are too strong in our society (Ridgeway Correll, 2004). These values and their impacts are what the authors refer to as social and relational ones. According to them, social and relational aspects are among the key components that influence the gender system. The authors take into account the cultural beliefs that have become embedded to include parts of gender relations. At the same time, they look into issues of bias and performance, and their effects on the individual’s lives. Therefore, Storm cannot grow as a person without paying attention to these cultural beliefs. Ridgeway and Correll analysis of the role of social and relational contexts reveals that it affects the differences and inequality, including race and class (Ridgeway Correl l, 2004). However, they tie these roles to gender system in society. The idea of gender relation once again features in this article by Correll and Ridgeway as expressed by Fox. However, these authors note gender is the part of everyone. However, they argue that gender is significant to the extent of defining social relational among individuals. Therefore, social, relational contexts influence gender systems. Feminist scholars approach gender matters from different perspectives, but they all revolve around the issue of male dominance over their female counterparts. The gender revolution of 1960s has enhanced the status of women in society. However, women movements have not achieved much. This is because gender systems and relations in society have deep connections with the cultural beliefs. This uneven success has led feminists to derive several ideas in attempts to explain what influence the progress of women.Advertising Looking for term paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some scholars note that society imposes gender systems on people at an early age, which makes the gender relations embedded in this society. That is why it is a very difficult task for the parents to bring Storm up without references to a social gender. Today our society which is based on the division of definite gender roles is not ready to admit such an idea. Even when such a strict division can be rejected, it has an impact on society. References Acker, J. (1990). Hierarchies, jobs, bodies: Theory of gendered organizations. Gender Society, 18(4), 139-156. England, P. (2010). The gender revolution: Uneven and stalled. Gender Society, 24, 149-166. Fox, B. (2001). The formative years: How parenthood creates gender. CRSN/RCSA, 38(4), 374-390. Messner, M. A. (2000). Barbie girls versus sea monsters: Children constructing gender. Gender Society, 14, 765-785. Norman, M. E. (2011). Embodying the double-bind of masculinity: Young men and discourses of normalcy, health, heterosexuality, and individualism. Ridgeway, C. L., Correll, S. J. (2004). Unpacking the gender system: A theoretical perspective on gender beliefs and social relations. Gender and Society, 18(4), 510-531. Risman, B. J. (2004). Gender as social structure: Theory wrestling with activism. Sociologists for Women in Society, 18(4), 429-450. Weitz, R. (2001). Women and their hair: Seeking power through resistance and accommodation. Gender and Society, 15(5), 667-686. West, C., Zimmerman, D. H. (1987). Doing Gender. Gender Society, 1, 125-151. Willis, E., Miller, R., Wyn, J. (2001). Gendered embodiment and survival for young people with cystic fibrosis. Social Science Medicine, 53, 1163-1174.

Veterans Burial Locations Available Online

Veterans Burial Locations Available Online More than three million records showing where veterans have been buried in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) national cemeteries are available online. The innovation will make it easy for anyone with Internet access to search for the gravesite locations of deceased family members and friends. Veterans Burial Locations The VAs  nationwide grave locator contains more than three million records of veterans and dependents buried in the VA’s 120 cemeteries since the Civil War. It also has records of some burials in state veterans cemeteries and burials in Arlington National Cemetery from 1999 to the present. Secretary of Veterans Affairs Anthony J. Principi stated in a VA press release: This advance in service culminates years of effort by VA’s national cemetery staffs to put old paper records into this database. Making burial locations more accessible may bring more visitors to the honored resting places that we consider national shrines and historical treasures. The records date to the establishment of the first national cemeteries during the Civil War. The Web site will be updated nightly with information on burials the previous day. The site displays the same information that visitors to national cemeteries find on kiosks or in written ledgers to locate gravesites: name, dates of birth and death, period of military service, branch of service and rank if known, the cemetery’s location and phone number, plus the grave’s precise location in the cemetery. The home page, Burial and Memorial Benefits, allows the reader to select the Nationwide Gravesite Locator to begin a search. State cemetery burial records are from those cemeteries that use VA’s database to order government headstones and markers for veterans’ graves. Since 1999, Arlington National Cemetery, operated by the Department of Army, has used that database. The information in the database comes from records of interment, which before 1994 were paper records, kept at each cemetery. VA’s interment records contain more information than what is shown on the Internet and cemetery kiosks. Some information, such as identification of the next of kin, will not be shown to the public for privacy reasons. Immediate family members with a government-issued identification card may request to see the full record of a burial when they visit a national cemetery.

Same sex marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Same sex marriage - Essay Example Compare and contrast: Both the same-sex marriage and traditional marriage support the concept of marriage, i.e. the contract between partners. To be specific, same-sex marriages never deny the scope of family in personal life. At the same time, family is the backbone of traditional marriages. One can see that the proponents of same-sex marriage consider that the concept of family can provide legal consent and acceptance in the society. David E. Newton states that, â€Å"The question raised by advocates of same-sex marriage is whether a state can constitutionally refuse to issue a marriage license to two individuals of the same sex† (62). Besides, those who accept same-sex marriage claim that all the rights that are enjoyed by the partners within traditional marriages must be allowed to the partners (say, same-sex). One can see that social recognition is important within the context of married life, and those who are in favor of same-sex marriage or traditional marriage are rea dy to accept the same without any argument. So, the supporters of same-sex marriage and traditional marriage are aware of the importance of family, legal consent, and social acceptance. One can see that most of the marriages (say, traditional) are related to religious belief, morality, and legal/ constitutional support. All the world religions support traditional form of marriage because the same is a contract based upon belief. Besides, the moral side of traditional marriage is related to certain limitations on individuals. At the same time, traditional marriages help to gain legal/constitutional support in the society. On the other side, the proponents of same-sex marriages consider the same as a deviation in sexual interest. They never accept the intrusion of religion into the context of marriage. Instead, they consider that religious belief and marriage are different and individuals must be allowed to lead lives according to their personal interest. If individuals are interested in same-sex marriages, they must be allowed to do so. Peter Strandby states that, â€Å"Finally, gay activists’ claims to full citizenship through equal access to marriage, is denied based on a religious set of beliefs, that homosexuality is morally wrong and that same-sex marriage would threaten existing individual liberties such as freedom of religion and expression† (21). Besides, the supporters of same-sex marriages declare that the society must show readiness to provide legal sanction to same-sex marriages. So, same-sex marriage is symbolic of liberal approach towards sexual orientation. Evaluation: From a different angle of view, the modern world needs to accept that individuals are different in interest, taste, and opinion. Within this scenario, one cannot prove that traditional marriages successfully lead the partners towards individual freedom and happiness. If one is interested in same-sex marriage, one must be allowed to take independent decisions related t o one’s sexual interest. Evan Gerstmann states that, â€Å"In fact, one of the theories that advocates of same-sex marriage advance most ardently is that the heterosexual marriage monopoly is a form of gender discrimination and, therefore, is subject to intermediate scrutiny†

Oppurtunity cost on economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Oppurtunity cost on economics - Essay Example According to Varian (1999, p327): â€Å"In the expression for cost we should be sure to include all the factors of production used by the firm, valued at their market price. Usually this is pretty obvious, but in cases where the firm is owned and operated by the same individual, it is possible to forget about some of the factors.† Varian (1999, p327) went on to give the following example which will enable a better understanding of opportunity costs: â€Å"If an individual works in his own firm, then his labor is an input and it should be counted as part of the costs. His wage rate is simply the market price of his labor – what he would be getting if he sold his labor on the open market. Similarly, if a farmer owns some land and uses it in his production, that land should be valued at its market value for purposes of computing the economic costs. We have seen that economic costs like these are often referred to as opportunity costs. The name comes from the idea that if you are using your labor, for example, in one application, you forgo the opportunity of employing it elsewhere. Therefore, those lost wages are part of the cost of production. Similarly, with the land example: the farmer has the opportunity of renting his land to someone else, but he chooses to forgo that rental income in favor of renting it to himself. The lost rents are part of the opportunity cost of his production. The economic definition of profits re quires that we value all inputs at their opportunity costs.† When firms are making profits in an industry, the industry becomes attractive to prospective investors. The costs of firms should include all costs incurred at their market price. This market price is the opportunity cost. â€Å"After all, the cost curve is supposed to include the cost of all factors necessary to produce output, measured at their market

Life after death Essay Example for Free

Life after death Essay Life after death is credible to a large extent, as there is a large of percentage of people who believe in it. A study carried out between October and November 2009 showed that out of 2,060 people, 53% believed in life after death, with 55% believing in heaven and 70% believing in the human soul in the UK. However, there are many problems with believing in life after death – not least the fact that there is no proof. As Hume might have said, ‘there aren’t enough witnesses’ and ‘testimony isn’t proof. ’ Some evidence put forward is parapsychological, such as near-death experience, mediums, and so on, though the data generated from such evidence is contested. While there may not be any hard evidence for rebirth, it provides advantages to those who believe in it, therefore attaining the label of credibility. For instance, there is an idea of moral value because if one is constantly reborn, one must constantly strive for good karmic effects. However, G. E Moore’s theory of ‘naturalistic fallacy’ might intervene because rebirth confuses moral ideas with factual information about how the world works. There is no means of verifying the principle of karma, and it assumes a dark view of reality with the inevitability of suffering. On the other hand, there is some psychological truth in the ideas of anatta and anicca, since an individual continues to grow throughout their life. Resurrection also delivers benefits for those who believe in it, thus making it credible to a large extent. It has a basis in tradition and is supported by evidence from Sacred Scripture, while it is also fair and encourages morality. However, many challenges to belief in resurrection have been centred on the fact that there is no available way to falsify claims concerning life after death. But, non-Christian sources agree that Jesus was executed by crucifixion and his disciples believe that he rose from dead. A Church persecutor, Saul of Tarsus, unexpectedly transformed into a believer after the resurrection. Verification is only possible in the weak sense of eschatological verification suggested by John Hick in his Celestial City analogy. John Hick is a materialist, who believes that the soul and the body are ‘psycho- physically’ unified. Hick explains in his Replica Theory, where he discusses how God makes it possible for people to be ‘replicated’ on a parallel universe. Hick talks about how the instantaneousness replication would be different from simply being transported from London to New York, he says all the individuals would know their dead and would be on a world populated by deceased individuals. His theory could be seen as incoherent because there is no evidence in science to suggest there is a parallel universe, however if you accept God’s omnipotent existence, this theory is plausible and does not depend on dualism. But, even Hick recognised the limits of his own theory and the fact that it is hypothetical in the extreme. It should be noted that this is an extending theory into the unknown and is purely hypothetical. To conclude, life after death is credible because believers avoid the limitations of rationality and focus on faith, rather than empirical evidence. While some philosophers like Bertrand Russell, argue that the hope of a better life in heaven relieves humans of responsibility for what happens on Earth and encourages a fatalist mentality, such beliefs may do the opposite and soothe fears of demise.

Prohibition in the United States Essay -- Drugs and Alcohol, Legal Iss

Prohibition created more crime because it was leading to corruption and the â€Å"cure† was worse than the original problem (Sifakis 725). The number of crimes increased during the Prohibition which caused organized crime to be very â€Å"popular†. Many criminal groups had a regular income of money through illegal actions such as drinking and selling alcohol (Organized Crime and Prohibition 1). Alcohol increased the organized crimes during Prohibition through loopholes in the 18th Amendment, speakeasies, doctor’s prescriptions, and bootlegging. Bootleg alcohol was one of the main reasons organized crimes began (Organized Crime and Prohibition 1). Bootlegging was when alcohol was brought into the country illegally from outside the borders. Although, sometimes the illegal alcohol was obtained within the United States (Sifakis 725). Organized crime can be defined as unlawful activity for profit on a city, interstate, and even international scale (Beehner 1). The crime rate went up because the profit motivated people to get involved with illegal activities (Organized Crime and Prohibition 1). Prohibition helped organized crimes because, even though alcohol was illegal, it’s availability through these crime groups, gangs, were satisfying the peoples’ want of alcohol (Sifakis 725). Bootlegging was a major pastime in America especially during the Prohibition. A bootlegger was someone who engaged themselves in illegal alcohol deliveries. The criminals used bootlegging activities as a business to gain as much profit for themselves as a person possibly could gain. They thrived the most during the Prohibition period, January 16, 1920 until the repeal of the 18th Amendment on December 3, 1933. Most of the bootlegged alcohol was brought... ...ifty-four gallons of methyl alcohol to produce a huge batch of moonshine. This alcohol was sold all over Atlanta and even to an Auburn Avenue nightclub. A man named Eliza Foster went to an Auburn Avenue nightclub and drank a couple shots. A half hour later he dropped over dead. The same night both a man died in his car with a bottle of the same batch next to him and a little old lady died in her rocking chair with a bottle of the bad alcohol lying spilled at her feet. From that bad alcohol, thirteen people died that night with hundreds of other people feeling miserable, sick, and even blind, in the Grady Memorial Hospital. In the end forty-two people had died from the bad alcohol although over five hundred were affected by it (112). After the mass poisonings the scale of legal alcohol went up 51.2 percent in Atlanta (113).

Rap/Hip-Hop: The Effects on Today’s Youth Essay

Abstract Rap/Hip-Hop first became popular among African American and Latinos among youth in the streets of New York during the 1970’s. It was their way of expressing themselves in a friendly manner in the form of speech, fashion, and personal style. Rap/Hip-Hop music was a way for them to get their message out, by telling stories of their lifestyles. However, over the years Rap/Hip-Hop music has become much more popular for its explicit lyrics, reference of drugs, alcohol and sexual explicit videos. Many may ask â€Å"Could Rap/Hip-Hop music have a negative influence on today’s youth, because of its unhealthy messages†? This research paper will examine the effects of rap/hip-hop music on today’s youth and whether or not it has a negative influence. Brenda L. Williams-Capers Professor Dana Taylor English Composition II December 11, 2011 Over the year’s many researchers have conducted studies on the effects of rap/hip-hop on today’s youth. The results have been mixed; however there are indications that some forms of Rap/Hip-Hop music could have negative influence on today’s youth. This is due to the fact that youth start to adapt the negative aspects of the gangster rap, by displaying aggressive behaviors and committing crimes of violence. Rap gets a bad rap because some songs contain explicit lyrics, drugs, alcohol and sex. A study conducted by Ralph J. DiClemente (2003) indicated that teen girls who spend more than 14 hours per week watching the sex and violence depicted in the â€Å"reel† life of â€Å"gangster† rap music videos are more likely to practice these behaviors in real life. Also, this study suggested that those teens were also three times more likely to hit a teacher, over 2.5 times more likely to get arrested, twice as likely to have multiple sexual partners, and 1.5 times more likely to get a sexually transmitted disease, use drugs, or drink alcohol. This is an indication that today’s youth that listen to these songs over and over again for long period of times could have behavior and aggressive issues. Tanner (2009) indicated that there is a sense of injustice that rap is often said to involve young people with the police and courts. The study also indicates that youth who listen to rap music have a stronger connection to property crimes than the crimes of violence, and the likelihood of committing those crimes are probably increased by poverty rather than listening to rap/hip-hop music. In a radio broadcast, Ed. Gordon (2006) mentioned two studies which addressed the effect that rap music has on today’s youth. The first study conducted by The Prevention Research Center of the Pacific instituted for Research and Evaluation in Berkeley, Calif., indicated that rap songs were linked to alcohol addictions, drug use, and violence among youth. Also, a study conducted by The Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth, Georgetown University, also suggested that youths are exposure to alcohol thought targeted marketing advertising for beer and ale by 66 percent for youth between the age of 12-20 and 81 percent market exposure to distilled spirits. Nearly two-thirds of rap songs mentioned illicit drugs and nearly half of rap songs mentioned alcohol compared to other types of music. The overexposure to alcohol was connected to cognacs and brandies, both which are linked lyrics in hip-hop and rap music, which rappers glorify and advertise in their songs. Rap music is also used to advertise clothing, sneakers, and cars. Rappers are walking billboards and today’s youth want that same swagger. Cited in The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter (2003), a study was conducted by a group of researchers from Iowa State University and The Texas Department of Human Services who examined over 500 students who had listened to seven violent songs and eight non-violent songs. This study measured student’s aggressive thoughts and their feelings. The results were that violent songs led to more aggressive interpretation of words that also increased the speed in which the students read aggressive vs. non-aggressive works and increased the proportion of word fragments that filled in to make aggressive words. Their study also indicated that the violent songs increased violent thoughts causing youth to act out. The popularity of Rap/Hip-Hop music and Hip/Hop styles has now reached the Middle East. Iraqis youth in are now starting to imitate hip-hop lifestyles of American soldiers. Youth have now started to adapt hip-hop styles such as, dancing, wearing baggy pants, slangy English, and cutting $ signs into their close cropped hair. Tattoos are now also becoming popular among Iraqis youth. This goes against Islam’s strictures on baring their skin. Not all Iraqis welcome the culture of the American Hip/Hop style, because they feel that Iraqis youth are now beginning to reject authority and other forbidden behaviors, like engaging in forbidden love affairs. Iraqis youth feel that their eyes are now open to the outside world since living under Saddam Hussein’s dictatorship. Iraqis youth are now also starting to use the internet and are watching satellite TV, which allows them better understanding of American cultures, both positive and negative aspects. In a book written by Michael Dyson, â€Å"Reflecting Black: African-American Cultural Criticism. He addressed the question† Is Rap music really as dangerous as many critics argue:† Michael Dyson (1993) states that Rap music is a form of profound musical, cultural, and social creativity. He also stated that Rap music expresses the desire of young black people to reclaim their history. He defenses the negative impact on Rap/ Hip-hop music, which the general public claims that Rap/Hip-Hop expresses and causes violence among youth. It is in his opinion that many rappers have spoken against the violence in Rap/Hip-Hop. Rappers KRS-One spoke against black on black crimes in a song titled â€Å"Stop the Violence† and â€Å"Self Destruction†. Rapper KRS-One wanted youths to realize that not all Rap/Hip-Hop music called for violence behavior among youth. Also, rappers such as Will Smith and his partner DJ Jazzy Jeff rapped positive messages to youth about having fun in the summer time, not glorifying drugs, alcohol or sex. Some feel that rap can be negative and positive on today’s youth. Michael Dyson (1993) feels that Rap/Hip-Hop music is getting a bad rap. Could that be true, or is Rap/Hip-Hop really unhealthy for today’s youth? Over the year’s research, books and studied have been conducted to determine if violent and explicit lyrics in Rap/Hip-Hop music really causes or promotes violence in today’s youth. Since it’s beginning in the 1970’s Rap/Hip-Hop has gone from being fun to listen to now being a explicit rated albums. In today’s time Rap/Hip-Hop glorifies drugs, violence, and sex at an alarming rate. Today’s youth are also embracing the lifestyles’ of rappers in their language and attitudes, with their want of money, cars, drugs and alcohol that rappers talk about in their lyrics causing them to become materialistic teenagers. What must we do as concerned parents? We must be aware of what our children are watching and listening to. Parents must be involved in what their children are purchasing and they must ask questions to understand what their children are experiencing. In the 1990’s C. Dolores started a crusade to stop the sale of offensive rap music to minors. Mrs. Tucker outspokenness earned her enemies, however she remained relentless with her crusade against what is called gangster rap. Her concerns were that the lyrics were misogynistic and threatened the moral foundation of the African American community. Conclusion Rap/Hip-Hop music became popular in the 70’s, since than it has changed the world; youth in every corner of the globe have adopted the culture, the speech and the style. Because Rap/Hip-Hop music has become so popular, many people think that this type of music is making today’s youth more violent, due to the glorification of violent, explicit language, sex, disrespect for authority, and disrespect towards women. Just as parents teach their kids not to do drug, they should also teach their kids that rapper is only for entertainment, it is a business for rappers to sale albums to make money. It is a business for them. It is all about album sales. We should all follow Mrs. Tuckers’ example by taking a stand against anything that could have a negative effective on our youth. Rappers should realize that they are role models to most of our youth and stop thinking about their pockets. References DiClemente, R.J., Wingood, G.M., Bernhardt, J.M., Robillard, A., Harrington, K., Davies, S.L., and Hook, E.W. A Prospective Study of Exposure of Rap Music Videos and African American Female Adolescents’ Health. American Journal of Public Health. (2003). Dyson, M.E., Reflecting Black: African-American Cultural Criticism. Minneapolis, MN, USA: University of Minnesota, 1993 p.38 Gordon, E., N News, News & Notes, 8 May 2006 Tanner, J.; Asbridge, M.; & Wortley, S. (2009). â€Å"Listening to Rap: Cultures of Crime, Cultures of Resistance.† Social Forces, 88(2): 693-722. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter 2003 www.newblackmagizine.com

Li and Fung Limited Essay

Ans#1- Li & Fung Limited is a global trading group. A company would like to use the supply chain management services of Li & Fung because it manages the supply chain for high volume, time sensitive consumer goods, delivering the right location. It focuses on providing a one- stop shop service through a network of 69 sourcing offices in 40 countries. Company would prefer Li & Fung rather than organising in-house department or appointing a senior manager to handle these activities because it provides services range from product design , development, through raw material and factory sourcing, production planning and management, quality assurance and on to export documentation and shipping consolidation. Moreover company use Li & Fung because it could be an effort to also reduce costs. Ans#2- Li & Fung expand its global sourcing network through acquisitions since it has found developing networks from the ground up tends to take a long time and to be relatively expensive. Li & Fung acquired companies like Inchcape Buying Services in 1995, Swire & Maclaine Ltd , Camberley Enterprises Ltd and Colby Group Holdings Ltd. These all are well established companies. Li & Fung company is in favour of acquisitions because it doubled the size of company and expanded the company’s customer base in Europe and strengthen its position in the U.S. These acquisitions increased the size of Li & Fung’s sourcing network from 48 offices in 32 countries in 1999 to 68 offices in 40 countries in 2001. Ans#3- Internet opens the door to new levels of connectedness to customers. Successful firms on the Web have used cyberspace to achieve their objectives. Li & Fung use the Internet to capture additional business like small to medium- size -businesses that is characterized by small order size and shorter delivery requirements. But they cannot afford large sum of money in inventory. Internet provides solution to these kind of problems. It could allow Li & Fung to consolidate small orders for mass production by existing supplier network. Li & Fung allow these smaller businesses to have their own private label. The choices available online would allow a product to have the small business’s own distinctive label attached with choices available online and would choices of embroidery colors and packaging. Li & Fung should use search engine optimization for increase the awareness of its website. In order to make the additional businesses profitable Li & Fung could use their website †www.studiodirect.com† in many ways. The studio direct will combine its expertise in sourcing and merchandising of apparel with supply chain efficiency. It will derive from its web- based trading. Studio Direct has outsourced every aspect of delivery from pick and pack, shipping and customer clearance.

Law and Regulations essays

Law and Regulations essays Imagine that you are in charge of setting up a civilization. What would be the first thing that you did? Many people might choose to set up a system of rules and regulations to better control the way the civilization acted and regulated it. After all, a civilization cannot grow and prosper without rules. The civilization would die because no food would be gathered and no one would work for anything. In Lord of the Flies, William Golding had the boys do exactly this. To symbolize the rules and regulations in the boys new society Golding picked a symbol of the conch. By doing this he assigned the conch the responsibility of representing the rules and order in the boys island life. The conch symbolized the rise and fall of order and rules in a civilization. When the United States of America was created, one of the first things that the founding gathers did was to write the Constitution. Every citizen of the USA, then and now, respects the rules and regulations outlined by th is document. This is one of the main reasons why our country is so successful, because on one disrespects and questions the basis of our society, the Constitution (rules and order). In Iraq, however, there is a totally different situation. There, they have a leader (Saddam Hussein) who misuses the rules. He disrespects the rules and order of Iraq and uses them for his own propaganda. When people of a country, especially the leader of a county, disrespect and misuse the rules, it can have an adverse effect on the well being of that country. The worst thing that can happen for law and order in society is when people completely disrespect them. This is similar to when Pinochet overthrew the Chilean government. He banned any opposing views and also restricted the freedom of the press. A period of anarchy ensued and common person in Chile was very badly hurt. In Lord of the Flies, William Golding used the conch as an allegory to law and order in ...

The Religious Right Definition and Issues

The Religious Right Definition and Issues The movement generally referred to in the U.S. as the Religious Right came of age in the late 1970s. While its extremely diverse and shouldnt be characterized in simple terms, its an ultraconservative religious response to the sexual revolution. Its a response to events that are seen by Religious Right proponents as being connected to the sexual revolution. Its goal is to effect this religious response as public policy. Family Values From a Religious Right perspective, the sexual revolution has brought American culture to a fork in the road. Either the American people can endorse a traditional and religious institution of family and the values of loyalty and self-sacrifice along with it, or they can endorse a secular hedonistic lifestyle grounded in self-gratification and with it a profound moral nihilism. Proponents of the Religious Rights approach to public policy do not tend to see any broadly applicable alternatives to these two possibilities- such as a hedonistic religious culture or a deeply moral secular culture- for religious reasons. Abortion If the modern Religious Right had a birthday, it would be January 22, 1973. That was the day the Supreme Court handed down its ruling in Roe v. Wade, establishing that all women have the right to choose to have an abortion. For many religious conservatives, this was the ultimate extension of the sexual revolution- the idea that sexual and reproductive freedom could be used to defend what many religious conservatives consider to be murder. Lesbian and Gay Rights Religious Right proponents tend to blame the sexual revolution for increasing social acceptance of homosexuality, which some religious conservatives regard as a contagious sin that can be spread to youth by exposure. Hostility toward lesbians and gay men reached a fever pitch in the movement during the 1980s and 1990s, but the movement has since transitioned into a calmer, more measured opposition to gay rights initiatives such as  same-sex marriage, civil unions, and nondiscrimination laws. Pornography The Religious Right has also tended to oppose the legalization and distribution of pornography. It considers it to be another decadent effect of the sexual revolution. Media Censorship While media censorship has not often been a central legislative policy position of the Religious Right, individual activists within the movement have historically seen the increase of sexual content on television as a dangerous symptom of and a sustaining force behind cultural acceptance of sexual promiscuity. Grassroots movements such as the Parents Television Council have taken aim at television programs that contain sexual content or that appear to condone sexual relations outside of marriage. Religion in Government The Religious Right is often associated with attempts to defend or reintroduce government-sponsored religious practices ranging from government-endorsed school prayer to government-funded religious monuments. But such policy controversies are generally seen within the Religious Right community as symbolic battles, representing flashpoints in the culture war between religious supporters of family values and secular supporters of hedonistic culture. The Religious Right and Neoconservatism Some leaders within the Religious Right  see theocratic movements within Islam as a greater threat than secular culture since the events of 9/11. The 700 Clubs Rev. Pat Robertson endorsed thrice-divorced, pro-choice former New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani in the 2008 presidential elections because of Giulianis perceived tough stance against religion-motivated terrorism. The Future of the Religious Right The concept of the Religious Right has always been vague, nebulous, and vaguely insulting toward the tens of millions of evangelical voters who are most often counted among its ranks. Evangelical voters are as diverse as any other voting bloc, and the Religious Right as a movement- represented by organizations such as the Moral Majority and the Christian Coalition- never received evangelical voters ubiquitous support. Is the Religious Right a Threat?   It would be naive to say that the Religious Right no longer poses a threat to civil liberties, but it no longer poses the most serious threat to civil liberties- if it ever did. As the general atmosphere of obedience following the September 11 attacks demonstrated, all demographics can be manipulated by fear. Some religious conservatives are more motivated than most by the fear of a potentially hedonistic, nihilistic culture. The proper response to that fear is not to dismiss it but to help find more constructive ways to respond to it.

Bonus 4 assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bonus 4 assignment - Essay Example The study will focus on bars as the centers to pick the subjects. For the study, three bars have been identified. At the first bar, the researcher sits down, asks a provocative question so as to watch who are the possible subjects at the bar (Dryfoos, 1991). Question: Who hates high school life? After the question, at least a response will be raised and then the respondents will be questioned personally whether they dropped out of school. The choice of the three bars is also based on the information that high school dropouts frequent them. For the study, five subjects are needed from each bar. At the first bar, after questioning those who responded to the first question, it is likely to get a 2/4 school dropout number as the timing will be 11 am – 12 Noon, when non-working, non-school going, dropouts frequent the bar. After identifying the five subjects, they will be assured of their confidentiality, then the survey forms will be administered so the subjects will fill it out (Dryfoos, 1991). The questions will include: How much do you drink and smoke? What were the causes for starting to drink and when? Why did you drop out of school – were you suspended or expelled for drug use, and had you started drinking before dropping out? What effect did the company you kept after dropping out of school play? Did you have trouble during early years of school? Did you perform well at school, and did you have problems at home during your schooling time? (b). Purposive sampling: will involve the study of the entire groups at the three bars during our timing of study: 11 am -12 noon. From interviewing all the members at the bars during that time, the school dropouts will be identified and the information from them compiled. The questions to be asked during the interview include: Are you a high school dropout? If yes, the interview will continue, if NO, they

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Research Paper Example d.). Have we enough resources to feed them all and to give them a comfortable life is the burning question since the last century. Fortunately the concern to answer this question is increasing day by day. Not only the demographers, economists and the qualified scholars are trying hard to answer it but the layman in the street is quibbling about it in the hope to find a clear picture of the whole situation. Wiraj and John are two students studying in an American University. John is the native so he represents the thoughts and ideas of the developed world while Wiraj is a Sudanese student belonging to one of the poorest countries of the world. Thus the debate becomes interesting as both of them unveil the two extreme existing conditions of the world in which the people are living. John: Hello Wiraj , how are you ? Remember the last time we met and talked about overpopulation and scarcity of resources, you were of the opinion that the misuse of the resources and not the overpopulation g enerating the scarcity. I was not able to refute you as I was not well prepared but now I have done my homework and I can prove that over population is the main cause of all our problems. You know that after the agricultural and industrial revolution the human population increased dramatically. The main causes were better medical facilities and better sanitation conditions. The death rate decreased and the mortality rate among the new born was also lowered down thus increasing the number of people inhibiting the earth. This growing population used the natural resources that were present everywhere in abundance. Take the example of coal, in 17th century the people used to pick coal from the surface of the earth. Now we have to dig deep to get it. It is hard to believe that your country is suffering from all kinds of problems due to overpopulation and you are not facing the facts. Tell me honestly what do you think is the main difference between America and Sudan. Let me give you some rough estimation, the average annual income in Sudan is 266.35$ while in America it is 33,070.30$(NationMaster. n. d.). it mean in Sudan people are living below poverty line. Wiraj: I think the main difference is that in Sudan we lack good governance. Our leaders are usually corrupt and incompetent. We never have a stable government as there is so much diversity of racial, religious and ethnical groups that it is hard to harness them under one power. Moreover we have a long history of colonial slavery. In 1956 we got independence from British Empire. Then we have our first civil war which lasted for almost seventeen years. The second civil war is fought for six years. You can imagine the excessive waste of all types of resources and also more than one million people died in these wars (Sudanese stories, n. d.). John: My God, if those one million people would have been living and producing more children what would be the condition of your country? Wiraj: My father says that every ch ild brings one mouth to feed but two hands to work. Our people think that the children are their strength and will support them in their old age. We still have joint family system in our country. Don’t you think that this individual living style is a waste of resources, the separate houses, the separate cars and the separate property? John: I can’

Hitlers Table Talk Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hitlers Table Talk - Term Paper Example Therefore, Hitler stated in his talks that he will always be before Catholic. He believed in God and considered Christianity as the basis of western culture. Hitler’s criticism in table talks in relation to Christianity is very authentic and contradicts earlier systems of Christians. He did this debate to take out his frustration in relation to the failure of German Protestant churches. Despite all these situations he continued to believe in Jesus Christ and considered him to be an Aryan who was against the Jews. In accordance with the Hitler’s table talks, Jesus is a true Christian and all Jewish teaching have been given by Paul. He translated all teachings in Jewish terms in order to promote equality among all men before God and insisted to prevent all kinds of human slavery, which created consequences in Roman Empire and European civilization. Hitler also focused on a united Christian church in Germany. Among various talks of Hitler, I have selected a talk made on 11 July 1941, because this talk mainly focuses on religions and have formed totally a different and broader perception towards it. This talk helped to identify a belief in God and religion influence on the society. Religion greatly affects human life and Hitler has shown this importance to people in this talk. He opposed the idea of human slavery through immigration of people from one nation to the other. However, in order to give a positive impact many benefits of migration were also highlighted in this talk. History shows that would have been ruled on the basis of National Socialism, but in the present condition of the world cannot rely just on one aspect. Religion and National Socialism cannot work together. Both are quite a different aspect. These controversies will not lead to a war but the main solution of it is to leave religion to solve the dilemma on its own without any persecution.  

Developing a Database Management System Presentation

Developing a Database Management System Presentation I am Estelle Lemmer and would like to provide you with a business presentation outlining the process Klingon Systems has followed in developing a Database Management System for The Borg Collective. This presentation will explain what a Database Management System is, what a Relational Database is and why this is the best option for The Borg Collective. While explaining what queries, forms and reports are, it would be explained how these were applied and developed in creating the Database Management System as well as pointing out the benefits using these will hold for The Borg Collective. A Database management system (DBMS) is a computer program specifically developed to store and manage data. The database can be queried to provide specific data required and can produce forms and reports relational to that data (Baltzan, Lynch Fisher 2016). Specifically for the Borg Collective, we have developed a database management system to store all your information on customers, stock items, suppliers and orders. You would be able to run specific queries on your data to view only the needed information. You would also be able to produce invoices for each customer. When creating a relational database, information from different tables can be connected to each other. In a relational database you can have one record from one table connected to many records in another table. As seen on the slide, each of The Borg Collectives information tables has been linked by using primary keys (yellow key symbol) identified in each table (Beskeen et al. 2014). There are several reason for using a Database Management System: Easy update of information: It has been decided that a Database Management System is the appropriate tool for this project and I will outline the reasons why: In looking at the data of The Borg Collective it is obvious that it is too complex to only get handled in a spreadsheet. The Borg Collective has data for Customers, Suppliers, Items and Orders. A Spreadsheet is adequate for one of these lists of information as an isolated list, however The Borg Collective has several lists, with some of the data repeating and relationships between data in different columns between different lists. Having to make changes to data in different lists leaves room for error. When you use a database management system, data can be stored in one place, while being referenced in many different places as would be described later when discussing the different queries, forms and reports we have created for your business. Using a Database Management System, if a customers details changes it only needs to be done once and would automatically update in for instance, the customers invoice, which references it (Manning 2015). Flexibility: Different users can access data in whichever way suits them. Be it a report or a form etc. Information can be queried from the database and looked at using any number of logical views or if they so prefer the physical view can be used right where the data is stored. Scalability: The Borg Collective is only going to grow and a Database would be the only system able to adequately manage a large volume of information. Redundancy: By using a Database Management System, information only needs to be recorded in one place, reducing information redundancy and increasing information reliability. Information integrity: By using combo boxes, the DBMS has been developed to restrict the types and format of data that could be entered and therefor contributing to the integrity of the data (Baltzan, Lynch Fisher 2016). There are several reasons for using a Relational Database: Minimize Duplicate Data: Having to make changes to data in different lists leaves room for error. Using a relational database, data can be updated once across multiple tables. Because we have set this up as a relational database, when for example one supplier ceases trading and gets deleted from one table, corresponding deletions will be prompted and occur in other tables, avoiding data inconsistencies. You wouldve probably found that lots of time is spent entering the same data into different spreadsheets. Using a relational database would considerably cut down on the amount of data entry and therefor also reduce room for error (Manning 2015). Faster data entry: Setting up a relational database we were able to provide you with forms which makes data entry faster and easier than using a spreadsheet Options for viewing and sorting: Using a relational database, you can view the data by querying it out into forms or reports, which can be saved to use over and over. Security: If you should choose to, this database can be encrypted and password protected. Several users: As your business grows, you might want to be able to have more than one user working in the database. This would be possible using the Relational Database Klingon has set-up for The Borg Collective (Beskeen et al. 2014). A database query is a way to get particular information out into a logical view. This way you would not need to scroll through long lists of data in different columns and different tables. The query gets only the required information out and displays it for your convenience in a new table (Beskeen et al. 2014). Five queries have been created for The Borg Collective. These queries can be run to display the information required as follows. The query labelled Vinyl figures will display the Customers names and item details of only items ordered in the month of April, weighing less than 1 Kg and which is still unfulfilled. The query would also show the order quantity. This query has been set-up so that you can see how many Star Trek Vinyl Figures orders were ordered for Mothers Day but were unfulfilled due to the items being out of stock. The query labelled Broad Category could be used to see how many customers living in Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia, have purchased items belonging to a broad category from a specific Supplier. When running this query, a Supplier name will need to be entered, after which the following information would be displayed in a table: The Customers names, addresses, Item type, item description, dispatch Date and order quantity for all items belonging to a broad category and only for Customers living in Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia. The query labelled Cost Increase has been created to update the cost Price from Luxembourgh of all items that are currently on order and not in stock by 5.50% as a new Australian import duty has been added for all products being imported from theÂÂ   European Union The query labelled Late Dispatched have been created to be used when requiring a form to see the Queensland customers who have ordered items before the 1st of June, which is in stock, but was dispatched after 10 June. The query could also show information for customers from New South Wales whose orders are in stock and have been dispatched after 20 June but was ordered before the 10th of June. The query labelled Invoice Calculated can be used to see the details of customers living in New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria, whos ordered a product associated with The Big Bang Theory in May. As this query would be used to produce invoices, it has also been created to calculate the selling price and order totals. Vinyl figures will display the Customers names and item details of only iKlingon has created two forms which you could use. A database form can be filled out on-screen and is an easy way to enter and edit data and navigate between records (Beskeen et al. 2014). The Late Orders Form will display order details stored in the Database Management System. It would also display the customers age in whole years and show a calculated dispatch delay in whole days. The Supplier Items Form will allow you to view the supplier records individually. It also has a sub-form for viewing item details of items sold by that Supplier. A report is the best way to print data from your database. It provides many formatting, layout and summary options. It is possible to apply different fonts and colours and add images (Beskeen et al. 2014). Klingon has used this option to create your invoices, which displays The Borg Collectives logo as well as payment details, current date, order details and order total. This presentation has outlined the process which was taken to develop a Database Management System for the Borg Collective. Detailed explanations have been given on what a Database Management System is, what a Relational Database is and specifically why this was the best option for The Borg Collective. Queries, Forms and Reports have been defined as well as described why they were developed for The Borg Collective and what their purposes and benefits will be in the business. It is the sincere hope of myself, representing Klingon Systems, that the Database created would be of great benefit to The Borg Collective and that it would streamline processes, while aiding your business processes to run more efficiently. tems ordered in the month of April, weighing less than 1 Kg and which is still unfulfilled. The query would also show the order quantity. This query has been set-up so that you can see how many Star Trek Vinyl Figures orders were ordered for Mothers Day but were unfulfilled due to the items being out of stock. The query labelled Broad Category could be used to see how many customers living in Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia, have purchased items belonging to a broad category from a specific Supplier. When running this query, a Supplier name will need to be entered, after which the following information would be displayed in a table: The Customers names, addresses, Item type, item description, dispatch Date and order quantity for all items belonging to a broad category and only for Customers living in Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia. The query labelled Cost Increase has been created to update the cost Price from Luxembourgh of all items that are currently on order and not in stock by 5.50% as a new Australian import duty has been added for all products being imported from theÂÂ   European Union The query labelled Late Dispatched have been created to be used when requiring a form to see the Queensland customers who have ordered items before the 1st of June, which is in stock, but was dispatched after 10 June. The query could also show information for customers from New South Wales whose orders are in stock and have been dispatched after 20 June but was ordered before the 10th of June. The query labelled Invoice Calculated can be used to see the details of customers living in New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria, whos ordered a product associated with The Big Bang Theory in May. As this query would be used to produce invoices, it has also been created to calculate the selling price and order totals.

Should Parents Lose Custody of Extremely Obese Kids? Essay -- Child Ob

In the recent decades, obesity has grown into a major health issue in the United States within young people. With 31 percent of the United States of children being obese, the United States has become the country with the highest rate of obesity in the world. Obesity is not only found among adults, but it is also now found mainly among children and teenagers. The childhood is a very important period for the initiation of obesity especially in this time. Eating practices that children are taught or learn during childhood affects a person later in their life whether they know or not. Multiple studies have confirmed that childhood obesity in the U.S has been on a rise for years. One out of three children in the U.S are obese, most of them face a higher risk of having medical, social and academic problems. Childhood obesity also leads to many health problems among young people. Those problems include diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and many more others. These problems caus e a rise in health care costs that their families might have to pay sooner or later. The influence of parents and the media play a big role in causing these problems to happen. Some people believe that a family with an obese child should not raise child protection concerns if obesity is the only cause for concern (Callaghan, 2010). However, doctors should always be mindful of the possible role of abuse or neglect in contributing to obesity. The result of some research that was done on the symptoms of neglect shows a clear correlation between childhood abuse and obesity in childhood. A study of American school children has found that after controlling for socioeconomic status, those who were physically abused were more likely to be obese (Callaghan, 201... ...nment Intervention for a Childhood Epidemic." Washington Post. The Washington Post, 29 Nov. 2011. Web. 06 May 2012. Easterling, Kelli. "Should Government Protect Obese Kids from Parents?" McClatchy-Tribune Information Services, 19 July 2011. Web. 06 May 2012. Hellmich, Nanci, â€Å"Report maps out solutions to child obesity.† USA Today n.d.: MAS ULTRA-School Edition. Web. 6 May 2012. Holden, Diana. "Fact Check: The Cost of Obesity." CNN. Cable News Network, 09 Feb. 2010. Web. 06 May 2012. "Media and Childhood Obesity." FCC.gov. Federal Communications Commission. Web. 06 May 2012. Tanner, Lindsey. "Should Parents Lose Custody of Extremely Obese Kids?" The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 12 July 2011. Web. 06 May 2012. "The Impact of Food Advertising on Childhood Obesity." The Impact of Food Advertising on Childhood Obesity. Web. 06 May 2012.

Foreign Direct investment policies Essay

Recently Egypt has made some impressive reforms in reforming its foreign direct investment policies but there are still some significant barriers. Currently the FDI stands at 12. 2 Billion up from one billion in 2001. Barriers to entry have been eased for foreign investors; the country has dedicated a ministry to propel the number of foreign investors. Egypt streamlined its tax system with a reduction in corporate income tax rate from between thirty two percent and forty percent to a uniform of twenty percent. In manufacturing, foreign investment has been fully liberalized other than in industries related to defense activities. Foreign equity is allowed to participate in privately owned communication and financial services up to one hundred percent. It has become cheaper and quicker for foreigners to register new companies (Ikram et al 1980) In some sectors such as transport, electricity and construction, foreign investment is restricted. For example in construction foreign companies have to set up a joint venture, in which the equity of foreigner is only limited to forty nine percent. Economic Structure and performance The economy of Egypt is undergoing a steady growth in the last quarter of 2008. Egypt’s annual growth domestic product had risen from 7. 3 in 2006 to 8. 6 in 2008. The rate of inflation has also dropped from 18. 3% in 2003 to 3. 21% in 2008. However with the current economic downturn inflation rate in Egypt stand at 10. 87%. With the economic reforms that the government has undertaken, private sector commands over eighty percent of Egypt’s economy. As economic reforms take root, the annual growth domestic percent is likely to accelerate. It has been predicted that it will hit 13. 5 % by 2010. Economist agrees that the economic climate that currently exists in Egypt is the best one for investing. The Egyptian economy as it is now is able to create more opportunity for domestic growth of wealth and also has enormous potential over long term because of the following reasons: strong economic growth of 8. 6% in 2007, incentives and reforms given to foreign investors, low cost of living and availability of cheap labor. Since 2001, Egypt consumer price index, has registered a significant growth from 12. 68% in 2004 to 3. 6% a fact that is attributed to the rise in the value of the Egyptian Pound. The current account of Egypt has also grown from a deficit of 1. 8% of the annual gross domestic product to an estimated 6. 1% in 2007. (CIAO/EIU Partnership 2008) With the high population in Egypt, the county has a wider market of both skilled labor and unskilled labor. The ministry of education has always ensured that the courses offered in both private and public learning institutions are at par with the requirements in the job market. With the assistance of IMF and World, Egypt has embarked on a program that will see the private sector takes a big role in the county. Egyptian government entrenched Law 203, which was to speed privatization of the public sector. Currently the degree of privatization in Egypt is high (72 percent). By 2007, the government had privatized over eighty percent of the 314 public enterprises which it had earmarked for privatization. The ministry of public enterprise in Egypt predicts that by 2010, all the public enterprises that were earmarked for privatization will have been privatized. With privatization of these public enterprises, the benefits accrued to the Egypt economy is an additional savings to the country. The total gain which has so far been realized by privatization is that GDP has grown by 2. 8 %. With the growth in GDP, the country’s infrastructure has also noticed some improvement, because most of the savings that the government is making as a result of privatization is currently being used for development (Sayed et al 2007 pp12-29) The Egyptian’s road network is somehow underdeveloped. It is currently being serviced by a network of over sixty eighty thousand kilometers of both secondary and primary roads. Despite modernizations of roads in Egypt in mid 1980s, most of them are either under construction or are in poor condition. The level of congestion of automobiles has continued to rise due to the increase in the number of licensed automobiles. According to a report released by EIU (2006) country profile, Egypt reported the highest incidences of automobile fatalities in the entire world: it was 44. 8 deaths per one hundred thousand kilometers. In terms of energy Egypt has adequate supply of electricity from Egyptian Electricity Authority which produces over fifteen thousand megawatts of power. Plans are already underway for EAA to increase its power production by more than two thousands five hundred by 2010. Power consumption has reported a constant growth of 6. 1% per year. Telecommunication services are cheaper and modern. According to reports by EIU country profile for 2006/2007, Egypt had more than seven million lines. The lines are increasing at a rate of one million per year. The country has seventy nine internet providers (Economic intelligence unit country profile) Natural and Cultural factors Egypt has a diverse cultural mix which is good for investors. 80 percent of the Egyptian population is Muslims, while Christians and Hindu makes up the remaining percentage. The country observes religious practices like during the holy month of Ramadhan the country is always in a prayer mood. Egypt also has an average temperature of between 13 and 29 degree centigrade. For entry to Egypt, Visa is usually required. EU and U. S nationalities that are traveling or want to invest in Dahab, Taba, Sharm EL Shik and Hurghada are given a free visa stamp upon arriving at the airport Social and political stability Egypt is a democratic country with many political parties. The country has a semi presidential system, where power has been split between the prime minister and the president. In 2005, Egypt changed its constitution to allow for more presidential candidates to take part in the elections. The county also has a good political temperature that is favorable for investors. The country was the first Arab country to embraces political relationship with Israel. It also plays in mediating conflict between different countries in the Middle East. The political life in Egypt is good for investors. Hence U. S businessmen who are currently doing their business there or who want to start doing their business should do so. Recommendation and Conclusion From the analysis carried, the writer of this paper is of the opinion that Egypt is a good country for any American companies who are thinking of investing there or who have already invested there to continue. The writer is of the opinion that Egypt has an attractive and stable market for property investors. The country has an emerging property market in tourist destinations and it is also offering a return that is excellent on property investment. Despite the fact that foreign equity in construction industry is standing at forty nine percent Americans companies should ventures into it because of the high rate of return that this industry commands in Egypt. Reference: Abd al –Salam, Abou Khaf M & Abu Qahf (2005) Foreign direct investment in developing countries, a comprehensive analysis of the determinants, policies, organization & impacts a case study of Egypt. Buckley P (2003) the changing global context of Egypt international Trade CIAO/EIU Partnership (2007) Economic structure of Egypt retrieved from www. ciaonet. org on March 26 2009 Egypt trade summary PDF retrieved from www. ustr. gov/assets/Document_Library on March, 26 2009 Economic intelligence unit country profile 2006/2007 report retrieved from www. eiu. com/index. asp March, 26 2009 Galal A & Lawrence (1998) An Egypt US free trade Brookings Institution Press pp 23 -56 Ikram K & World Bank (1980) Egypt, Economic management during transition period – A mission report sent to Egypt by the World Bank pp 12 -42 Kaudhar- Luis F (2006) Investing in Construction Industry in Egypt Alexandra University Press pp 9 – 30 Marks S & Ken K 2001 a comparative study of foreign direct investment in Egypt Published by USAID pp 9 -14 Olarreaga M & Madani D (2002) Politically Optimal Tariffs- an application of Egypt pp 6 – 29 Sayed S, Idarat A. & Dawliyah (2007) international business in Egypt & Middle East Jordan Publisher 12 -65 Weigel D, Wagle D & Gregory W (1997) foreign direct investment World Bank Publications pp 1 -22

Animal Slaughter

Animal slaughter is a necessary evil, but unfortunately with the way It Is carried out It Is repulsive. For as long as recorded history mankind has hunted animals for survival and that practice continues today. The main use for an animal is for food: this is the oldest and the most universal form of an animal. With advancements of the world's civilization, animals were traded at markets and the owner would receive a payment for the animal's value. This process continues today. Animals are sold for larger sums to corporations that will then send the animal to a slaughterhouse and sell the meat o a deliberate.Here customers purchase the meat at inflated prices. Around the globe meat from livestock animals Is a popular Item to add to one's plate for any meal. One could have beef, lamb, pork, or even horse, but how does this animal get from a place it once thought was it's home to the customers table. The amount of stress the animal goes through before the slaughter process is astonishin g. Horses that are slaughtered regularly come from the racetrack where they were administered drugs before running a race. These drugs are harmful to humans If consumed.The health of an animal while It Is living In Its pen, cramped with many of its own breed is heartbreaking to see. The World Organization for Animal Health has helped established new regulations for slaughter, transportation and killing animals for disease control. The World Organization for Animal Health, also known as OWE, has developed basic standards that developed and developing countries now agree on. In addition to Oleo's standards, each country has specific laws and standards of their own. OWE designed the five basic standards. One, the percentage of animals stunned on the iris attempt. Two, percentage rendered insensible prior to hoisting. Three, percentage that vocalizes (moo, bellow, or squeal) during movement up the race and in the stunning box. Four, percentage that fall down, and five, percentage moved with an electric goad† (Grand 56). An animal welfare addling system that Is deemed â€Å"good† should have standards that prohibit bad practices, Like, dragging, dropping, throwing, punctilio, (which is a small knife or dagger used to cut the spinal cord. And hoisting live animals. Some examples of welfare misfortunes can be measured with the outcomes is the percentage of animals that are underfed, lame, have lesions, bruising, missed their stuns before being slaughtered or fell down during handling. The examples given are outcomes of bad practices or unacceptable conditions (Grand 57). The standards are based on conditions that are the results of poor management, neglect, abuse of the animals, or poorly designed equipment. N. G.Gregory did a review on pigs, lambs and cattle while in transport, at a livestock market and in the slaughterhouse (before being slaughtered). Many physical injuries can take place along with high stress levels. Gregory gives the world in his st udy an extensive amount of examples of the animal's welfare at the markets, during transport and at the time of slaughter. If animals have a high stress level, for pigs there is evidence that any type of strenuous exercise of CA stunning can contribute to old or stale tastes in pigs, poultry and fish.One study was done in Australia and the second in New Zealand. Over time we have learned from other studies and experience certain breeds are more difficult to handle, for example, the Limousine, Red Borrow cattle and Text sheep (Gregory 3). It is now recommended that if working tit these breeds one is experienced and accustom to the handling procedures. This will make it easier for the animal and create less stress for the animal before the slaughter period. Unfortunately for any animal, as soon as it is loaded for transport it becomes stressed.Sometimes it can even start earlier then this, during the study in Australia five out of thirteen lambs had pre-transport stress or were underf ed (Gregory 2-11). A study was done on lambs in Spain during the transportation period by G. C. Miranda- De la Lama. This study that Miranda-De la Lama performed is also helpful to animals in the United States. Miranda-De la Lama helps explain the stress created on lambs and how it can bargain with the animal's welfare during transportation. When transporting animals it is usually a stressful process, especially for the animal.A study was done in Spain with lambs during transportation. This study mainly consisted of the handling of the animal before and after transporting. Specific categories were focused on and surveyed, farmers, haulers, abattoirs (a slaughterhouse), and classification center (a temporary feedlot). A Journey of seventy- nine kilometers and average Journey time of seventy-four minutes was conducted. A questionnaire was created for all categories specified above. When preparing for transport lambs were normally separated from their first enclosure the day before bei ng transported.They were also kept off their feed for five or more hours before departing for slaughter. Many of the animals were maneuvered onto the transportation truck using plastic bags. Very few of the farms that the studies were done on did not usually have climate or environmental control or veterinarians present while the sheep were being loaded. Thankfully while lambs were being unloaded there is no reported application of sticks or electric rods. When lambs had arrived to the second farm for weight gain, they arrived weighing in at an average of 19. 6 keg, and departing at 25. 6 keg, with a stay period averaged at twenty-one days.That is rather revolting that someone can beef up an animal in a short time span. The lambs would be transported again to the slaughterhouse once the slaughter weight was met (Miranda-De la Lama 175). Many important points on the farm where the lamb is coming from incorporate poor loading facilities including not having a veterinary on site while the lambs are being loaded. Transportation can have a combination of many different stresses that can eve harmful effects on the lambs. Miranda-De la Lama states that there should be some sort of installed payment plan that will be put into action.This would help agree to terms on transportation quality of the lambs directly for the welfare of the lamb (Miranda-De la Lama 178). All attempts should be made to help decrease the level of stress on any animal heading to the slaughterhouse. Careful planning should abattoirs need to have better communication to help create a smoother traveling system. Miranda-De la Lama states in her study that a decision support system to assure animal welfare across the board for any animal should be implemented to help reduce and prevent the different welfare risks (Miranda-De la Lama 178).All possibly ways to help reduce the amount of stress of an animal should be observed and rules set into place. Thankfully, some researchers have already put this to the test. Veronique Deeds performed a study on lambs to try to pinpoint where these animals become stressed. Today, public and consumers are concerned about the welfare of animals, mainly for the discomfort of the animals that are going to be slaughtered. To elf reduce the stress of the animals during the slaughter period it is imperative to comprehend the causes of stress for the animal. The slaughter process can represent different types of stress for every animal.When Deeds conducted this study, it was done on lambs on to determine profiles measured during rearing, plasma cortical levels in blood collected at assassinations (draining blood of the animal), and metabolic activity in the dead bodies muscle. Tests showed many differences in lamb's muscles with lower pH levels produced in their meat. Even lambs that produced a high- pitched bleating had a higher muscle temperature. The more alert lambs had a higher pH after death compared to others. Any animal that has a higher pH le vel in the muscles before dying will not taste as good.These different tests of post mortem muscle metabolism and expressions of social distress predict stress during the slaughter period. Also social disturbances and the environment of the slaughterhouse contain major causes of stress (Deeds 193-202). Deeds concluded in her study that lambs showed coherence in emotional reactivity to different stressful conditions. In her current study, lambs slaughtered in a commercial abattoir, the lactating cortical levels at assassinations and post-mortem measurements of stress reactions had been related to the day of slaughter.Now, seeing how the lambs reacted on the day of slaughter, another study has been done on cows to see if it is possible to identify how the cows react to the slaughter procedure. A study on thirty-two Norman cows was done to see if it is possible to identify if cows reacted to the slaughter procedure. Along with which factors contributed to stress during the pre-slaughte r period. Many different tests proceeded with the cows to test behavioral and physiological activity. These tests consisted of but were not limited too, social separations, and human exposure.Tests showed that when cows saw other cows compared to having a human presence there was a stronger reaction. The cow's heart rate elevated and spent more time in the exit zone. A stress-inducing atmosphere can have very negative repercussions for animal welfare and meat quality. The slaughter duration begins at the animal's farm with the preparation of transport, and then ends at the moment of slaughtering the animals. Many of the cows might not become stressed to the same things as their fellow cows. All cows differ in their evaluation of stressful to the reactivity tests. Two slaughter situations were used. Limited Stress† situation and an â€Å"Added Stress† situation were used on the cows (Burette 11). Each day two cows were put to slaughter from the same pen, one for each str ess environment. A cow brought down the added stress situation had to maneuver through different hallways inside and outside, consistently hear banging from metals objects and was immediately slaughtered. A cow that was led through the limited stress situation was handled with a human and another cow was also being led. This cow heard no banging of any kind, did not need to maneuver through different hallways, and was able to be calmer with another cow by its side.The cow with a limited stress evaluation was slaughter with a lower heart rate and a lower pH level in the muscles (Burette 11-12). Since Burette concluded his study many advancements have been made, but challenges do still exist. Temple Grand helps the U. S. Get an idea of the progress and challenges in handling the animals during the slaughter process. In many slaughterhouses around the world serious animal abuse exists. Other than we re actually killing them for us to eat. Many restaurants have started auditing the U. S . Beef and pork slaughter plants.Surprisingly McDonald's has played a huge part in this. McDonald's made large improvements in the way people handle and stun the animal. McDonald's used five different measurements to start helping the way they handled and stunned the animal. â€Å"One, the percentage of animals stunned on the first attempt. Two, percentage rendered insensible prior to hoisting. Three, percentage that vocalizes (moo, bellow, or squeal) during movement up the race and in the stunning box. Four, percentage that fall down, and five, percentage moved with an electric goad† (Grand 129).Since 1996, before McDonald's began their audits, each average percentage grew. The most impressive developments were in beef. In 1996 the average first attempt to stun a cow was rated at eighty-nine point five percent. By 2003 it was ninety-eight point six percent. Even visualization has improved during stunning from 1996 was ten percent, in 2003 it was two percent (Grand 129). In 1 996 and on a total of fifty plants were audited. Many of the plants were able to significantly improve welfare of the animal y improving stunner maintenance, installing non-slip floors and better training of the staff (Grand 131).Since we have created better standards for the animal's well being in a slaughterhouse, we now have another challenge to face, drugs used on different animals. Nicholas Adman has helped the world understand more on the slaughter of race horses that were given medication known as Phenylalanine. Horse slaughter has had many attempts from animal rights activists to see the end of it. Last year alone there was about sixty seven million pounds sent across seas from the United States. Many drugs are used for horses while they are at work. The most common is known in the horse world as ‘butt', Phenolphthalein by the vet.This is the most common used drug in the horse world. It is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The most common slaughter horse in the U . S. Is the Thoroughbred, most commonly known as racehorses. ‘Butt' is banned for any type of human consumption. It can cause serious and lethal unique harmful effects in humans. Tests have been done during race day to horses that were given ‘butt' and then sent U. S. Horses. In this case, it can create a serious health risk for the people who ingest reseat (Adman 1270-1284). Horses should not have to be slaughtered for any reason other then it is seriously injured.Sadly they are slaughtered for many other reasons. The American Association of Equine Practitioners helps the United States get a glimpse of what its all about. The Unwanted Horse in the U. S. Is an ongoing issue for many people. Tom Lend helps give the U. S. A glance of the issue. To many people horses are seen for their beauty, poise, and the Old West and are a cultural icon. This has made it very difficult for the unwanted horse issue and the decision of ending the life of a horse. Including in this debate the horse business will usually categorize a horse as livestock, where the public tends to categorize the horse as a companion.The ‘unwanted horse' came about in 2005, from the American Association of Equine Practitioners (APE) at a meeting in Washington D. C. These unwanted horses are defined as, â€Å"those no longer wanted by their current owner because they are old, injured, sick, unmanageable, or fail to meet their owners expectations† (Lend 253). This has become a very large issue in the U. S. Many horse rescue, adoption and retirement organizations have made a dedicated and vigorous effort to provide care, funding or suitable accommodations for unwanted horses over the years.